“Countries where mining happens are on average healthier, wealthier, and better educated than their non-mining counterparts. So this idea that mining somehow makes your country poorer just does not hold up to scrutiny.”

…confrontational exercise, which in many cases it's not. But Indigenous communities need to know that if you are serious about respecting their rights, you will not undertake project activities that impact them, but you may indeed advance your planning. And the two are not mutually exclusive.

…Is it a romantic idea to think that more of that value add could end up in Africa, but also other parts of the world, which are poor and remote and where they're ending up hosting the mine, but not getting huge amounts of value other than the primary extraction and the jobs associated with that?

That's quite a defensive answer because I asked whether they could, whether it could be, whether the value chain could move to closer to where the extraction happened. And you went off on this kind of, we're not really that bad, which was maybe implied in my question, but it wasn't really, that…

Let's come back to the value chain, but we can't talk value chain if we don't understand the basics around the extraction side of it, which is why I wanted to lay the facts on the table. I would go even a step further. I don't want to come here and say we're not that bad. I think the industry is a…

jobs, more value added to some of these countries, right?