August 2026

“Amazingly, the country that pushed the most was actually the United States of America.” — Susan Solomon, Are We Doomed?

Atmospheric chemist Susan Solomon, who discovered the chemical cause of the Antarctic ozone hole, describing which country ended up driving the hardest for the Montreal Protocol's global CFC phase-out. It happened during the deregulation-minded Reagan era, which is part of why she calls it surprising.

Transcript

Are We Doomed? Around 26:24 into the episode
Susan Solomon

hydrofluorolefins,

Ben Bradford

which seems to be better, such as progress. Anyway, it all added up to the largest producer of CFCs also being the nation leading the way to stop using them.

Susan Solomon

Amazingly, the country that pushed the most was actually the United States of America.

Ben Bradford

Cities and towns began enacting bans on CFCs. NASA used its tech to confirm and publish visualizations of the problem.

Susan Solomon

You know, you had these incredible satellite images of the hole in the ozone layer.

Ben Bradford

A giant dark blue wound across the bottom of the world splashed in the pages of newspapers and on TV. There were scientists still debating whether CFCs were the problem or whether the hole was natural. That's the nature of research. But no movement of denial gained a meaningful foothold. And so, action spread.

Speaker names from our own diarization · position estimated from where the line sits in the episode

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