“Something like 97% of political posts on social media are driven by 10% of users… We have a paper we're about to submit where we find on every single topic we study, the people who post the most are the most extreme. So you're just getting the extremes and they're posting non-stop. And people who have a nuanced view or are mixed feelings or ambivalent or just neutral or unsure don't post. And then it creates a false perception of the social norm.”

…the hell? Why are people so mean to strangers? And they don't even know the situation. She was actually separated. So like, who cares if she's like canodling with somebody, presumably at a concert. But her whole life was really shattered because of the way people piled on her in very vicious ways.

…amiable, you know, we can talk and have a, you know, a conversation. Online, I, like, I get berated and just screamed at in, you know, all caps or other pieces of that. Why does the what is it about social media from your perspective that like allows that to happen? Where did that come from?

Going back to the incivility piece on Oprah, is part of that then that social norms that are being transferred in online, are they being then realized in real person then as well? Is that part of what is fueling some of that?

So that is my current thinking, but we do not have good evidence of that piece of the puzzle yet. But we do know it is changing perceptions of norms online. We just don't know how much that is spilling over into how you treat somebody at a Starbucks or your doctor. But my guess is almost certainly…

I think it is. I am 100%. I bought the seat and I can lean that seat back. But that's that's me.