Azeem Azhar

Things Azeem Says on Podcasts

AI and exponential technologies.

Where to Find Them

Azeem Azhar hosts and writes Exponential View (Azeem Azhar) , writes Azeem Azhar , writes Paul Krugman Podcast , hosts HBR IdeaCast , writes Cleaning Up: Leadership in an Age of Climate Change , writes Ground Truths , writes NFX , writes Niall Ferguson's Time Machine , writes Paul Krugman , writes Artificial Intelligence Made Simple and writes Ground Truths (Eric Topol) . They have also been a guest on Excess Returns (3 times) , TechStuff (2 times) , Summation with Auren Hoffman , Climate Rising , EconTalk , Plain English with Derek Thompson , The Most Interesting Thing in AI , The Gradient , The Ezra Klein Show , Complex Systems with Patrick McKenzie (patio11) , Open Circuit , GZERO World with Ian Bremmer , a16z Podcast , 3 Takeaways™ , WorkLab , Faster, Please! , The Cognitive Revolution" | AI Builders, Researchers, and Live Player Analysis , The MAD Podcast with Matt Turck and Super Data Science: ML & AI Podcast with Jon Krohn . They also write for AI Investment Brief by Exponential View on Substack.

Recently: “📈 Monday data: Who won the trade war?” on Exponential View (Azeem Azhar) (October 2026); “🔮 A world of many minds & the future of work” on Exponential View (Azeem Azhar) (October 2026); “Is There an A.I. Bubble? A Debate.” on The Ezra Klein Show (October 2026); “🚨 Anthropic: The agony and the ecstasy” on Exponential View (Azeem Azhar) (October 2026); “📈 What is bigger than AI?” on Exponential View (Azeem Azhar) (October 2026); “🔮 AI & Math 2.0, Pakistan’s solar hedge & who controls computing++” on Exponential View (Azeem Azhar) (October 2026).

What They Said

“I pay about a buck a month to my phone operator to screen out spoof phone calls that are essentially robocalls. And that's what's going to happen. And we're going to call that GDP. Those additional costs.” — Azeem Azhar, The Ezra Klein Show

Azhar was describing AI as a huge experiment run without permission, one that pushes costs onto everyone else, like his surgeon getting 10,000-word emails from patients who ran their notes through ChatGPT. His point is that spending to defend against AI spam will show up in the statistics as growth.

The Ezra Klein Show · 2026-10-16 Permalink → Listen →
The Ezra Klein Show Around 58:21 into the episode
Azeem Azhar

They might not like it. The trouble is there appears to be some revealed preference here. And that picture is not even. So only about 2.5% of Americans pay for an AI subscription, which is, considering they've been available for three years, is a very slow, slow change. You had

Ezra Klein

this. I love, sorry, I love this stat in one of your newsletters recently that more people pay for GLP1s. A larger number of Americans paid for a GLP1 than for AI.

Azeem Azhar

…about robo calls from AI agents into hotels and restaurants, or as my orthopedic surgeon was telling me, he just gets long thousand word, 10,000 word emails from patients who've clearly chat GPT'd their medical notes. This is unfortunately going to happen. And that cost has now been pushed into the system and we're going to have to figure out how to deal with it. I now pay, it's not a lot. I pay about a buck a month to my phone operator to screen out spoof phone calls that are essentially robocalls. And that's what's going to happen. And we're going to call that GDP. Those additional costs.

Paul Kedrosky

I think one of the things that's your comment, Ezra, really reminded me of this is that we have this idea in sort of Western capitalism that it's always about efficiency. In a weird way, societies require friction. And when you take away frictions, even frictions that you didn't realize existed…

Ezra Klein

And what's going to happen is that it's going to be these two AIs bouncing things back and forth. And it's just going to be a more and more and more unpleasant economy, which is why I do think there are going to be large areas where people just say maybe not. So I want to end on this question…

Azeem Azhar

Well, there are so many risks that we have talked about, and there's all the complexity and fragility in the financing. The thing that keeps this on the other side of healthy is whether real customers are spending real money and getting real results. So the thing that would make me uneasy would be…

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